화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Clean Technology, Vol.20, No.3, 218-225, September, 2014
Export Citation
삼화 원탄과 무회분탄의 촉매(K2CO3) 가스화 반응성 비교 연구
Comparative Studies on K2CO3-based Catalytic Gasification of Samhwa Raw Coal and Its Ash-free Coal
공용진1, 2, 임정환1, 임영준1, 전동혁1, 이시훈1, 유지호1, †, 이영우2, †
  • 1한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실, 305-343 대전광역시 유성구 가정로 152
  • 2충남대학교 에너지과학기술대학원, 305-764 대전광역시 유성구 대학로 99
Yongjin Kong1, 2, Junghwan Lim1, Youngjoon Rhim1, Donghyuk Chun1, Sihyun Lee1, Jiho Yoo1, †, and Young-Woo Rhee2, †
  • 1Clean Fuel Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Korea
  • 2Graduate school of Engergy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
E-mail:,
초록
석탄의 가스화는 촉매 도입 시 온순 조건에서 가능하나, 석탄 내 회분에 의한 비활성화에 의해 반복적인 촉매 활용이 힘들다. 이에 본 연구에서는 삼화 원탄에서 회분을 제거하여 삼화 무회분탄(ash-free coal, AFC)을 제조한 후 가스화 반응성을 원탄과 비교하여 알아보았다. 우선 원탄을 대상으로 고정층 반응기에서 수증기 공급량, 공간 속도(space velocity), 온도 및 촉매를 변수로서 가스화 조건을 결정하였다. 고체상 혼합법으로 다양한 촉매 도입 시, 유동성을 갖는 K2CO3가 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 무회분탄은 원탄보다 낮은 반응성을 보였으며, 이는 용매(1-methylnaphthalene, 1-MN)를 이용한 고온 추출 및 건 조 공정 중에 소모된 산소 기능기 함량과 증가된 탄화도(carbonization)에 기인한다. K2CO3 가 혼합된 무회분탄의 반응성은 급격히 증가하여 낮은 온도 (700 ℃)에서도 높은 전환율을 보였다. 이때 H2/CO와 CO2/CO 비율도 증가하는데, 이는 촉매에 의해 수성가스전환(water-gas shift) 반응이 활성화됨에 기인한다. 본 연구에서는 무회분탄의 저온 촉매 가스화 반응을 통해 석탄 가스화 공정의 경제성이 개선될 수 있음을 확인하였다.
Catalytic gasification of raw coals at mild condition is not realized yet mainly due to deactivation of catalysts via their irreversible interaction with mineral matters in coal. In this work, the gasification behavior of ash-free coal (AFC) was compared with that of the parent raw coal. In order to modify the gasification conditions, the raw coal gasified with fixed variables (water supply, space velocity, temperature, catalysts) in a fixed bed reactor. When catalysts are added by physical mixing method with coal, K2CO3 was the most effective additives for steam gasification of coal. However, the activity of ash-free coal (AFC) was much less reactive than raw coal due to high temperature extraction in a 1-methylnaphthalene under 30bar at 370 ℃ for 1 h, almost removed oxygen functional groups, and increased carbonization. The addition of K2CO3 in AFC achieved higher conversion rate at low temperature (700 ℃). At that time, the molar ratio of gases (H2/CO and CO2/CO) was increased because of water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) by addition of catalysts. This shows that catalytic steam gasification of AFCs is achievable for economic improvement of gasification process at mild temperature.
Keywords:Coal gasification;Ash-free coal;Coal;Catalytic gasification;K2CO3
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