The burning of fossil fuels has released a large quantity of pollutants into the atmosphere. In this context, sulfur dioxide is one of the most noxious gas which, on reacting with moist air, is transformed into sulfuric acid, causing the acid rain. In response, many countries have reformulated their legislation in order to enforce the commercialization of fuels with very low sulfur levels. The existing desulfurization processes cannot remove such low levels of sulfur and thus a biodesulfurization has been developed, where the degradation of sulfur occurs through the action of microorganisms. Rhodococcus erythropolis has been identified as one of the most promising bacteria for use in the biodesulfurization. In this study, the effectiveness of the strain R. erythropolis ATCC 4277 in the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) was evaluated in a batch reactor using an organic phase (n-dodecane or diesel) concentrations of 20, 80, and 100 % (v/v). This strain was able to degrade 93.3, 98.0, and 95.5 % of the DBT in the presence of 20, 80, and 100 % (v/v) of dodecane, respectively. The highest value for the specific DBT degradation rate was 44 mmol DBT center dot kg DCW-1 center dot h(-1), attained in the reactor containing 80 % (v/v) of n-dodecane as the organic phase.