Cubic equations of state, such as the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) and the Peng-Robinson (PR) EoS, are still the mostly used models in PVT modeling of reservoir fluids, and almost the exclusively used models in compositional reservoir simulations. Nevertheless, it is promising that recently developed non-cubic EoS models, such as the Perturbed Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) EoS and the Soave modified Benedict-Webb-Rubin (Soave-BWR) EoS, may partly replace the roles of these classical cubic models in the upstream oil industry. Here, we attempt to make a comparative study of non-cubic models (PC-SAFT and Soave-BWR) and cubic models (SRK and PR) in several important aspects related to PVT modeling of reservoir fluids, including density description for typical pure components in reservoir fluids, description of binary VLE, prediction of multicomponent phase envelopes, and PVT calculation of reservoir fluids. Extensive data are used in the comparison and the four models are treated as equally as possible. We adopt the method of Pedersen et al. as the framework for heptanes plus characterization and the same correlations for estimating the critical properties for SRK, PR and Soave-BWR. For PC-SAFT, new correlations for estimating its model parameters in heptanes plus are developed. The results reveal that the non-cubic models are clearly advantageous in density calculation of pure components. For binary VLE and multicomponent phase envelopes, the results are similar for the four models. For PVT prediction, the non-cubic models show advantages in some high pressure high temperature (HPHT) fluids but no clear advantages in general, indicating the necessity for further improvement of the characterization procedure. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.