Journal of Food Engineering, Vol.148, 43-52, 2015
Safety and quality assessment of ready-to-eat pork products in the cold chain
It is of crucial importance for Ready-To-Eat (RTE) foodstuffs producers to guarantee the quality and safety of their products under the cold chain variations related to different time temperature profiles. Experimental designs were used to investigate and model the effects of temperature on safety and quality attributes of selected RTE meat products. Three types of RTE sliced pork products (cooked ham, cooked pate and smoked ham) were stored at different temperatures (5, 8, 12 and 15 degrees C) up to 6 weeks. Microbiological and physico-chemical attributes were followed. Growth parameters of Listeria monocytogenes were investigated by challenge testing for the three RTE products at the four temperatures. Two lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sakei and Leuconostoc mesenteroides) were also investigated by challenge testing but only for cooked ham and cooked pate at 8 degrees C. Changes in quality indicators including colour, texture and water content, water activity and water dripping were evaluated over storage time for the three RTE products. Spoilage experiments were conducted (at 2, 8, 12, 15 degrees C for 48 days) on cooked ham and the production of ethanol, as a representative volatile deriving from bacterial metabolism, was correlated to bacterial outgrowth. Growth parameters of the three strains for the given food were mathematically modelled and validation tests were performed for L. monocytogenes in cooked ham and cooked pate. Physico-chemical attributes were not significantly affected by time temperature storage. The production of ethanol on spoiled cooked ham was related to growth of lactic acid bacteria, especially Leuconostoc. A threshold value of ethanol concentration was defined in relation with a threshold count numbers of LAB under the conditions studied. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Listeria monocytogenes;Leuconostoc mesenteroides;Lactobacillus sakei;Ready-to-eat pork products;Food safety;Food quality;Cold chain