Janus particles with two hemispheres having different stabilizers, a polystyrene (PS) phase stabilized by poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) (PSPAA) and a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) phase stabilized by poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) (PMMA(PVP)), were synthesized by the solvent-absorbing/releasing method of PSPAA/PMMA(PVP) composite particles with a core-shell structure. The PSPAA/PMMAPVP composite particles were prepared by seeded dispersion polymerization of MMA using PVP as stabilizer in the presence of PS seed particles stabilized by PAA. We also demonstrated the facile formation of the colloidal chains via hydrogen bonding interaction between different stabilizers.