Langmuir, Vol.31, No.4, 1575-1580, 2015
Cladding Layer on Well-Defined Double-Wall TiO2 Nanotubes
Highly ordered double-wall TiO2 nanotube arrays were obtained by a two-step anodization method in a fluoride-containing glycerol based electrolyte. The low water and fluoride content and high viscosity of the electrolyte support a partly undissolved fluoride-rich layer, and its hydrolyzed products remain on the tube walls. The double-wall structure and a cladding layer originating from the fluoride-rich layer were clearly observed after annealing. The morphology and crystal structure of the cladding layer were investigated. The study of the cladding layer gives a fundamental insight into the wall structure design of the anodic TiO2 nanotubes in the glycerol-based electrolyte.