Synthesis of castor oil based plasticizers containing flame retarded group and their application in poly (vinyl chloride) as secondary plasticizer

Pu-You Jia; Cai-Ying Bo; Li-Qiang Zhang; Li-Hong Hu; Meng Zhang; Yong-Hong Zhou

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.28, 217-224, August, 2015

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2015.02.017 Export Citation

Synthesis of castor oil based plasticizers containing flame retarded group and their application in poly (vinyl chloride) as secondary plasticizer

Pu-You Jia¹, Cai-Ying Bo¹, Li-Qiang Zhang¹, Li-Hong Hu^{1, 2}, Meng Zhang^{1, 2, †}, and Yong-Hong Zhou^{1, †}

¹Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF), Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
²Institute of New Technology of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF), Beijing 100091, China

E-mail:,

Epoxidized castor oil (ECO) and castor oil phosphate ester (COPE) were synthesized. Structure of two functionalized castor oil was characterized with FTIR and 1H NMR. Property of poly (vinyl chloride) PVC blends plasticized with ECO and (COPE) as secondary plasticizer was studied. The results indicated that thermal stability of plasticized PVC blends was improved, LOI value of PVC blends cooperated with COPE could reach 27.8%, flame retardant performance of COPE was put into effect by promoting polymer carbonization and forming a consolidated and thick flame retardant coating, which is effective to prohibit the heat flux and air incursion.

Keywords:Castor oil;Epoxidized castor oil;Flame retardant;Plasticizer;Polyvinyl chloride

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Park SJ, Jin FL, Lee JR, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 25(6), 724 (2004)
Saeki Y, Emura T, Prog. Polym. Sci, 27, 2055 (2002)
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Silva MAD, Vieira MGA, Polym. Test, 30, 478 (2011)
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Bueno-Ferrer C, Garrigos MC, Jimenez A, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 95, 2207 (2012)
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Ramesh S, The GB, Louh RF, Hou YK, Sin PY, Yi LJ, Sadhana, 35, 87 (2010)
Faria-Machado AF, da Silva MA, Vieira MGA, Beppu MM, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 127(5), 3543 (2013)

[Referenced By]

[1] Lucaa MAD, Martinelli M, Jacobia MM, Becker PL, Ferrao MF, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 8, 147 (2006)

[2] Park SJ, Jin FL, Lee JR, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 25(6), 724 (2004)

[3] Saeki Y, Emura T, Prog. Polym. Sci, 27, 2055 (2002)

[4] Genhai G, Liang D, Wayne, Cook A, Tcharkhtchi H, Sautereau, Eur. Polym. J., 47, 1578 (2011)

[5] Soudais Y, Moga L, Blazek J, Lemort F, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 78, 45 (2007)

[6] Yao Q, Wilkie CA, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 7, 26 (2001)

[7] Fierens T, Servaes K, Holderbeke MV, Geerts L, De HS, Sioen I, Food Chem. Toxicol., 50, 2575 (2012)

[8] Xu Q, Yin X, Wang M, Wang H, Zhang N, Shen YY, J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 11311 (2010)

[9] Ioannis S, Arvanitoyannis V, Konstantinos, Food Bioprocess Technol., 7, 21 (2014)

[10] Coltro L, Pitta JB, Costa PA, Perez MAF, Araujo VA, Rodrigues R, Food Control, 44, 118 (2014)

[11] Lardjane N, Belhaneche-Bensemra N, Massardier V, J. Polym. Res., 20, 209 (2013)

[12] Sun T, Thom R, J. Elastomers Plast., 42, 129 (2010)

[13] Palacios OYS, Rincon PCN, Jean-Pierre CC, Pardo MC, Fonteix C, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 20, 65 (2014)

[14] Sander MM, Nicolau A, Guzatto R, Samios D, Polym. Test, 31, 1077 (2012)

[15] Silva MAD, Vieira MGA, Polym. Test, 30, 478 (2011)

[16] Greco A, Brunetti D, Renna G, Mele G, Maffezzoli A, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 95, 2169 (2010)

[17] Bueno-Ferrer C, Garrigos MC, Jimenez A, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 95, 2207 (2012)

[18] Karmalm P, Hjertberg T, Jansson A, Dahl R, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 94, 2275 (2009)

[19] Chavan AP, Gogate PR, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec (2014.04.021). (2014)

[20] Palacios OYS, Rincon PCN, Corriou JP, Pardo MC, Fonteix C, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(4), 1985 (2014)

[21] Liu CG, Jun L, Wen L, Zhou YH, Ind. Crop. Prod., 52, 329 (2014)

[22] Zhang LQ, Zhang M, Hu LH, Zhou YH, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 98, 2784 (2013)

[23] Zhang LQ, Zhang M, Hu LH, Zhou YH, Ind. Crop. Prod., 52, 380 (2014)

[24] Pan LL, Li GY, Su YC, Lian JS, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 97, 1801 (2012)

[25] Ying-Ling L, Yie-Chan C, Tsung-Yu C, Polym. Int., 52, 1256 (2003)

[26] Song PG, Cao ZH, Fu SY, Fang ZP, Wu Q, Ye JW, Thermochim. Acta, 518(1-2), 59 (2011)

[27] Zhang J, Jian JK, Xia YZ, Flame retardants, Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 2005p. 94.

[28] Vickraman P, Ramamurthy S, Mater. Lett., 60, 3431 (2006)

[29] Ramesh S, The GB, Louh RF, Hou YK, Sin PY, Yi LJ, Sadhana, 35, 87 (2010)

[30] Faria-Machado AF, da Silva MA, Vieira MGA, Beppu MM, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 127(5), 3543 (2013)