화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.33, No.2, 539-546, February, 2016
DOI10.1007/s11814-015-0160-5  Export Citation
Photocatalytic degradation of azo dye using nano-ZrO2/UV/Persulfate: Response surface modeling and optimization
Mahsa Moradi1, 2, Farshid Ghanbari3, †, Mohammad Manshouri4, and Kambiz Ahmadi Angali5
  • 1Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Paramedicine and Public Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
  • 2Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  • 3Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  • 4Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 5Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
E-mail:
Dyes have always been considered in the context of recalcitrant organic pollutants in water. The present research has focused on the decolorization of Direct Blue 71 (DB71) using photocatalysis process of nano-ZrO2/UV/Persulfate. Response surface method with central composite design was applied to determine the effects of four main factors (time, ZrO2 dosage, persulfate dosage and pH) on decolorization of DB71. The results indicated that the obtained quadratic model had a high R-squared coefficient based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Time had the highest effect (45.5%) on decolorization of DB71. The optimum condition predicted for complete decolorization was pH=7, 0.4 g ZrO2, 0.75 mM persulfate and 40 min reaction time. Verification experiments confirmed that there was good agreement between the experimental and predicted responses. The studied photocatalytic process could oxidize and destruct the structure of the DB71, and average oxidation state (AOS) significantly increased from .1.5 to +1.33, indicating the presence of more oxidized by-products and, consequently, improvement of biodegradability. The quenching tests showed that sulfate radical was the major agent in DB71 decolorization. It can be concluded that nano-ZrO2/UV/Persulfate is a very effective process for decolorization of colored wastewater.
Keywords:Nano-ZrO2;Synthetic Dye;Sulfate Radical;Response Surface Method
  1. Chatzisymeon E, Xekoukoulotakis NP, Coz A, Kalogerakis N, Mantzavinos D, J. Hazard. Mater., 137(2), 998 (2006)
  2. Xu XR, Li XZ, Sep. Purif. Technol., 72(1), 105 (2010)
  3. Rego FEFR, Solano AMS, da Costa Soares IC, da Silva DR, Huitle CAM, Panizza M, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2, 875 (2014)
  4. Ghanbari F, Moradi M, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 3, 499 (2015)
  5. Eslami A, Moradi M, Ghanbari F, Mehdipour F, J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng., 11, 1 (2013)
  6. Augugliaro V, Litter M, Palmisano L, Soria J, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C, 7, 127 (2006)
  7. Yazdanbakhsh A, Mehdipour F, Eslami A, Maleksari HS, Ghanbari F, Water Sci. Technol., 71, 1097 (2015)
  8. Chong MN, Jin B, Chow CWK, Saint C, Water Res., 44, 2997 (2010)
  9. Hoffmann MR, Martin ST, Choi WY, Bahnemann DW, Chem. Rev., 95(1), 69 (1995) 
  10. Gaya UI, Abdullah AH, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C, 9, 1 (2008)
  11. Gozmen B, Environ. Prog. Sust. Energ., 31, 296 (2012)
  12. Hazime R, Nguyen QH, Ferronato C, Salvador A, Jaber F, Chovelon JM, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 144, 286 (2014)
  13. Rao YF, Qu L, Yang HS, Chu W, J. Hazard. Mater., 268, 23 (2014)
  14. Moghaddam SK, Rasoulifard M, Vahedpour M, Eskandarian M, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 31(9), 1577 (2014)
  15. Govindan K, Raja M, Noel M, James EJ, J. Hazard. Mater., 272, 42 (2014)
  16. Lin YT, Liang C, Chen JH, Chemosphere, 82, 1168 (2011)
  17. Eskandarloo H, Badiei A, Behnajady MA, Desal. Water Treat., 1 (2014)
  18. Tyagi B, Sidhpuria K, Shaik B, Jasra RV, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45(25), 8643 (2006)
  19. Nair AT, Makwana AR, Ahammed MM, Water Sci. Technol., 69, 464 (2014)
  20. APHA, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, APHA, Washington DC (1999).
  21. Lu LA, Ma YS, Kumar M, Lin JG, Sep. Purif. Technol., 81(3), 325 (2011)
  22. Kajitvichyanukul P, Suntronvipart N, J. Hazard. Mater., 138(2), 384 (2006)
  23. Hong RY, Li JH, Chen LL, Liu DQ, Li HZ, Zheng Y, Ding J, Powder Technol., 189(3), 426 (2009)
  24. Torrades F, Garcia-Montano J, Dyes Pigment., 100, 184 (2014)
  25. Davarnejad R, Mohammadi M, Ismail AF, J. Water Proc. Eng., 3, 18 (2014)
  26. Chun SY, An SW, Lee SJ, Kim JT, Chang SW, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 31(6), 994 (2014)
  27. Rasouli F, Aber S, Salari D, Khataee AR, Appl. Clay Sci., 87, 228 (2014)
  28. Cruz-Gonzalez K, Torres-Lopez O, Garcia-Leon AM, Brillas E, Hernandez-Ramirez A, Peralta-Hernandez JM, Desalination, 286, 63 (2012)
  29. Khataee AR, Zarei M, Khataee AR, CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water, 39, 482 (2011)
  30. Moradi M, Ghanbari F, J. Water Proc. Eng., 4, 67 (2014)
  31. Abdessalem AK, Oturan N, Bellakhal N, Dachraoui M, Oturan MA, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 78(3-4), 334 (2008)
  32. Yan JC, Lei M, Zhu LH, Anjum MN, Zou J, Tang HQ, J. Hazard. Mater., 186(2-3), 1398 (2011)
  33. Saien J, Soleymani AR, J. Hazard. Mater., 144(1-2), 506 (2007)
  34. Song YL, Li JT, Bai B, Water Air Soil Pollut., 213, 311 (2010)
  35. Chakrabortty D, Gupta SS, J. Environ. Sci., 25, 1034 (2013)
  36. Ding YB, Zhu LH, Wang N, Tang HQ, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 129, 153 (2013)
  37. Anipsitakis GP, Dionysiou DD, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 4790 (2003)
  38. Jaafarzadeh N, Ghanbari F, Moradi M, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 32(3), 458 (2015)
  39. Ghanbari F, Moradi M, Manshouri M, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2, 1846 (2014)
  40. Kobya M, Delipinar S, J. Hazard. Mater., 154(1-3), 1133 (2008)