Journal of Materials Science, Vol.29, No.12, 3167-3171, 1994
Growth-Kinetics of Spherulitic Apatite in Some MgO-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 Glasses
Crystallization of glasses with compositions (wt%) of 11.2 MgO, 33.3 SiO2, (55.5-x) CaO, and XP2O5 (x = 18.3, 16.65, 15.825 and 15.0) resulted in a spherulitic apatite phase with different crystal morphologies. An ellipsoidal morphology was observed for x = 18.3, 1 6.65 and 15.825, and an anomalous morphology was observed for x = 15.0. A metastable phase, which was similar in some characteristics to apatite, was also found for x = 15.0. The growth kinetics of the spherulitic apatite crystals were investigated to explain the above observations. Both the dendrite arms along the [0001] and [1120BAR] directions of the apatite crystals showed constant growth rates in each glass. Growth-rate anisotropy was found between these two directions. The ellipsoidal shape of the apatite crystals is explained by this growth-rate anisotropy. The growth rates, and the growth-rate anisotropy, varied with the P2O5 content in such a manner that the changes in phase formation behaviour can be explained on the basis of the kinetic results.