Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis combined with stable isotopic labeling is a promising method for the relative quantification of aberrant glycosylation in diseases and disorders. We developed a stable isotopic labeling-based quantitative targeted glycomics (i-QTaG) technique for the comparative and quantitative analysis of total N-glycans using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). We established the analytical procedure with the chemical derivatizations (i. e., sialic acid neutralization and stable isotopic labeling) of N-glycans using a model glycoprotein (bovine fetuin). Moreover, the i-QTaG using MALDI-TOF MS was evaluated with various molar ratios (1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 5) of (13) C-6/ (12) C-6-2-aminobenzoic acid-labeled glycans from normal human serum. Finally, this method was applied to direct comparison of the total N-glycan profiles between normal human sera (n=8) and prostate cancer patient sera (n=17). The intensities of the N-glycan peaks from i-QTaG method showed a good linearity (R-2 > 0.99) with the amount of the bovine fetuin glycoproteins. The ratios of relative intensity between the isotopically 2-AA labeled N-glycans were close to the theoretical molar ratios (1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 5). We also demonstrated that the up-regulation of the Lewis antigen (similar to 82%) in sera from prostate cancer patients. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrated that the i-QTaG method, which enables to achieve a reliable comparative quantitation of total N-glycans via MALDI-TOF MS analysis, has the potential to diagnose and monitor alterations in glycosylation associated with disease states or biotherapeutics. (C) 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers