In the present work, two-dimensional alpha-Fe2O3/rGO nanocomposites were fabricated by one-pot solvothermal approach. Structural and morphological studies showed that the as-prepared alpha-Fe2O3/rGO nanocomposites were actually composed of alpha-Fe2O3 nanoplates encapsulated in rGO nanosheets to form two-dimensional nanostructure. As an electrode material for supercapacitor, the specific capacitances of alpha-Fe2O3/rGO nanocomposites was 903 F g at the current density of 1 A g, which is superior to that of bare alpha-Fe2O3 nanoplates. The alpha-Fe2O3/rGO nanocomposites with high electrical conductivity and nanostructure allows for effective ion and charge transport in the whole electrode. The results enable the alpha-Fe2O3/rGO nanocomposites to be promising materials for high performance energy-storage systems. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.