Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.35, 115-122, March, 2016
Upgrading of vacuum residue in batch type reactor using Ni-Mo supported on goethite catalyst
E-mail:
It is imperative to develop an efficient catalyst to convert vacuum residue (VR) into low boiling point liquid products via an environmentally benign pathway. Ni-Mo bimetal was impregnated on goethite supports and well characterized using various analytical techniques. VR hydrocracking catalytic activities were investigated in a batch reactor. The 1%Ni-4.5%Mo/Goethite catalyst showed a high yield of low boiling point liquid products, 69.8%, with 80% VR conversion at 420 ℃ in the presence of 70 bar initial hydrogen pressure in 3 h. In these liquid products, 8.6% of naphtha, 51.4% of middle distillate, 9.8% of vacuum gas oil (VGO) with 28.1% of saturates, 62.5% of aromatics, 8.4% of resins and >1% of asphaltenes were confirmed by TGA and SARA analysis, respectively. The experimental findings indicated that the formation of low boiling point liquid products depends on physical parameters and chemical composition of the catalyst. This paper describes the synthesis of the supported catalysts, influences of the active metal composition, metal/support interaction, and process parameters for hydrocracking of VR into high value, low boiling point liquid products.
- Sahu R, Song BJ, Im JS, Jeon YP, Lee CW, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 27, 12 (2015)
- Castaneda LC, Munoz JAD, Ancheyta J, Catal. Today, 220-222, 248 (2014)
- Speight JG, The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum, CRC Press, New York, 2006p. 984.
- Nakano K, Ali SA, Kim HJ, Kim T, Alhooshani K, Park JI, Mochida I, Fuel Process. Technol., 116, 44 (2013)
- Fang MX, Tang W, Yu CJ, Xia LY, Xia ZX, Wang QH, Luo ZY, Fuel Process. Technol., 129, 236 (2015)
- Wei Q, Wen SC, Tao XJ, Zhang T, Zhou YS, Chung K, Xu CM, Fuel Process. Technol., 129, 76 (2015)
- Leyva C, Rana MS, Trejo F, Ancheyta J, Catal. Today, 141, 68 (2009)
- Cui QY, Zhou YS, Wei Q, Yu GL, Zhu L, Fuel Process. Technol., 106, 439 (2013)
- Jin H, Yi XD, Sun SH, Liu J, Yang G, Zhu HH, Fang WP, Fuel Process. Technol., 97, 52 (2012)
- Leyva C, Rana MS, Trejo F, Ancheyta J, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 46(23), 7448 (2007)
- Looi PY, Mohamed AR, Tye CT, Chem. Eng. J., 181-182, 717 (2012)
- Tiwari R, Rana BS, Kumar R, Verma D, Kumar R, Joshi RK, Catal. Commun., 12, 559 (2011)
- Scheffer B, van Koten MA, Robschlager KW, de Boks FC, Catal. Today, 43(3-4), 217 (1998)
- Liu Y, Gao L, Wen L, Zong B, Recent Pat. Chem. Eng., 2, 22 (2009)
- Colyar JJ, Kressmann S, Boyer C, Schweitzer JM, Viguie JC, IFP, 55, 397 (2000)
- Gutierrez OY, Singh S, Schachtl E, Kim J, Kondratieva E, Hein J, Lercher JA, ACS Catal., 4, 1487 (2014)
- Alphazan T, Bonduelle-Skrzypczak A, Legens C, Gay AS, Boudene Z, Girleanu M, Ersen O, Coperet C, Aybaud P, ACS Catal., 4, 4320 (2014)
- Matsumura A, Sato S, Kondo T, Saito I, de Souza WF, Fuel, 84(4), 417 (2005)
- Dohler W, Kretschmar K, Merz L, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Pet. Chem. Prepr., 32, 484 (1987)
- Drago G, Gultian J, Krasuk J, Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Pet. Chem. Prepr., 35, 584 (1990)
- Du H, Liu D, Li M, Wu P, Yang Y, Energy Fuels, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef5024143. (2015)
- Que G, Men C, Meng C, US Patent No. 6660157B2, 2003.
- Panariti N, Del Bianco A, Del Piero G, Marchionna M, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 204(2), 203 (2000)
- Ren R, Wang ZX, Guan C, Shi B, Fuel Process. Technol., 86(2), 169 (2004)
- Wang YH, Chen KC, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 11, 9325 (2014)
- Brown ASC, Hargreaves JSJ, Rijniersce B, Catal. Lett., 53(1-2), 7 (1998)
- Cornell RM, Schwertmann U, The Iron Oxides. Structure Properties, Reactions, Occurrence and Uses, VCH, Weinhein, USA, 1996.
- Ancheyta J, Rana MS, Furimsky E, Catal. Today, 109(1-4), 1 (2005)
- Centeno G, Ancheyta J, Alvarez A, Marroquin G, Alonso F, Castillo A, Fuel, 100, 73 (2012)
- Ortiz-Moreno H, Ramirez J, Sanchez-Minero F, Cuevas R, Ancheyta J, Fuel, 130, 263 (2014)
- Vila AG, Garcia RC, Ramirez J, Lee IP, Catal. Today, 220-222, 310 (2014)
- Ortiz-Moreno H, Ramirez J, Cuevas R, Marroquin G, Ancheyta J, Fuel, 100, 186 (2012)
- Chen XT, Zhang P, Chen D, Liu H, Qing C, J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 41, 1442 (2013)
- Kosmulski M, Durand-Vidal S, Maczka E, Rosenholm JB, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 271(2), 261 (2004)
- Naono H, Fujiwara RJ, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 73, 406 (1980)
- Perez-Maqueda LA, Criado JM, Real C, Subrtb J, Bohacek J, J. Mater. Chem., 9, 1839 (1999)
- Duvigneud P, Derie R, J. Solid State Chem., 34, 323 (1980)
- Volpe L, Bougart M, Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 27, 515 (1985)
- Rodriguez JA, Chaturvedi S, Hanson JC, Brito JL, J. Phys. Chem. B, 103(5), 770 (1999)
- Laine J, Prati KC, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 20, 1 (1981)
- de Paiva JB, Monteiro WR, Zacharias MA, Rodrigues JAJ, Cortez GG, Braz. J. Chem. Eng., 23, 517 (2006)
- Bhaskar T, Reddy KR, Kumar CP, Murthy MRVS, Chary KVR, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 211(2), 189 (2001)
- Brito J, Laine J, Polyhedron, 5, 179 (1986)
- Qu LL, Zhang WP, Kooyman PJ, Prins R, J. Catal., 215(1), 7 (2003)
- Brito JL, Laine J, J. Mater. Sci., 24, 425 (1989)
- Hsu CS, Robinson P, Practical Advances in Petroleum Processing, Springer Science & Business Media, New York, USA, 2007p. 231.
- Scherzer J, Gruia AJ, Hydrocracking Science and Technology, CRC Press, Mercel Dekkar Inc., New York, 1996p. 13.
- Pratt KC, Sanders JV, Tamp N, J. Catal., 66, 82 (1980)