Uniform fibrous-structured hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (FHMCSs) have been synthesized by a simple template method using fibrous-structured mesoporous silica microspheres and resol precursor as silica template and carbon sources, respectively. It is found that FHMCSs have an ultra high specific surface area of 1121 m(2) g(-1) and large pore volume of 1.3 cm(3) g(-1). The high surface-to-volume ratio is a favorable factor to obtain high specific capacitance and excellent rate performance. As expected, when used as supercapacitor electrodes, the FHMCSs exhibit high specific capacitance of 359.2 F g(-1) at current density of 1 A g-(1) and excellent cycle stability (92% retention after 5000 cycles). The energy density of the FHMCSs can be estimated to be 49.9 Wh kg(-1) at a power density of 500 Wh kg(-1). Moreover, the FHMCSs electrode shows high energy density of 36.4 Wh kg(-1) even at the power density of 10000 W kg(-1), suggesting a potential application in supercapacitors and other energy storage fields. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.