Thermoelectric properties such as the Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, and thermal conductivity are measured in the temperature range of 300-673 K on Nd2-xCexCuO4 (x=0-0.1) sintered bodies in order to estimate the figure-of-merit for thermoelectric energy conversion. The temperature dependences of both the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity indicated n-type semiconducting behaviour. The thermal conductivities whose value decreased with increasing temperature were in the range of 3.7-7.5 Wm(-1)K(-1). The maxima of the power factor and the figure-of-merit estimated from data measured at 320 K on a sample of a composition of x=0.05 were 9.2 x 10(-5) Wm(-1)K(-2) and 1.7 x 10(-5)K(-1), respectively. The limitation of the power factor is discussed based on the measured Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity data. The thermal conductivity could be separated into a small electron component and a large phonon component by applying the Wiedemann-Franz law. This suggests the possibility of improving the figure-of-merit to some extent by a reduction of the phonon thermal conductivity.