In order to develop a new high damping aluminium alloy with strength and toughness for advanced aircraft structure application, rapidly solidified (RS) Al-Fe-Mo-Si/Al alloys were synthesized. The damping behaviour, mechanical properties and microstructures of the alloys were studied. Results showed that the damping capacities of RS Al-Fe-Mo-Si/10-15% Al alloys are stable between 7.0-10.0x10(-3) at room temperature, which almost reach the high damping threshold, 10.0x10(-3). At lower frequency (0.1-10 Hz) the damping capacity is decidely frequency and temperture dependent above 50 degrees C, with lowest frequency and highest temperature resulting in the highest less factor. It was noted that mechanical properties of the Al-Fe-Mo-Si/10-15% Al alloys are both excellent at room temperature (sigma(b)=536-564 MPa, delta = 7.2-11.4%) and at elevated temperature (250 degrees C : sigma(b) = 295-324 MPa). Analysis of microstructures reveal that the damping capacity arises from deformation of the pure Al areas, and strength at elevated temperature from the dispersion strengthening of intermetallic phase. : sigma(b) = 295-324 MPa). Analysis of microstructures reveal that the damping capacity arises from deformation of the pure Al areas, and strength at elevated temperature from the dispersion strengthening of intermetallic phase.