By utilizing alternate electrochemical reaction, atomic migration and deposition of Fe, Co, Sm and other chemical substances in the electrochemical solution, a large number of Sm2Co17/Fe7Co3 dual phase nanowire arrays were carried out in the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template with highly uniform and orderly. The Sm2Co17/Fe7Co3 dual phase nanowire arrays with diameter of 50 nm and length of 12 mu m have the smooth surface and uniform diameter. The morphology and microstructure of annealed Sm2Co17/Fe7Co3 dual phase nanowires were observed and analyzed using SEM, TEM and HRTEM. Compared with single-phase nanowires, dual phase magnetic nanowires have higher coercivity and saturation magnetization. In this composite system, both the hard and the soft phases have a high Curie temperature, therefore, we believe that the Sm2Co17/Fe7Co3 dual phase nanowire arrays is a new type of high-temperature magnetic composites. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.