Microsphere, micro-net-sphere, hexagon plate and sandwich-like cobalt particle were successfully synthesized via a facile, environmentally friendly and one-step solvothermal method. Subtle control over the reaction conditions could easily achieve these different morphologies with certain crystal structures. Solvothermal method utilized here is pollution free, without surface-active agent and facile to perform. The effects of alkali and Co2+ content as well as the reaction temperature on the size, morphology and microstructure were investigated individually. Moreover, the catalytic properties concerning the catalytic thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and magnetic properties of these selected samples were evaluated. It finds that the alteration trend of related properties correspond well with the variation of these samples' microstructure and morphology. In addition, comparing with the other morphology, Co particles with the morphology of hexagon sheet exhibits outstanding catalytic performance, implying significant practical application in the development of energy-efficient rocket solid propellant recipes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.