The encapsulation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIm[PF6]) in polyurea microspheres is demonstrated. This method is based on the encapsulation of ionic liquid within a polyurea shell by emulsification and interfacial polymerization of amine and isocyanate monomers. Emulsification of BMIm[PF6] was performed in water or oil, enabling formation of two different BMIm[PF6] polyurea microcapsules with different chemical features. While the BMIm[PF6]-in-water emulsion enables the formation of BMIm[PF6] polyurea microcapsules with regular aliphatic diamines, the BMIm[PF6]-in-oil emulsion requires the utilization of a specific diamine functionalized with ionic liquid groups. The microcapsules were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, infrared and solid NMR. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.