This paper evaluates the potential production of non-food biofuels in China. The evaluation is conducted for ethanol and biodiesel. The ethanol production is predicted based on the available amounts of energy crops, agricultural and forest residues and waste molasses, while the biodiesel is predicted to be produced from wood energy plants and waste cooking oil. The results indicate that China's potential capacity on non-food biofuels from 2015 to 2030 will be in the range between 75.60 and 152.13 million metric tons. In order to exploit this potential capacity, there is a long way to march. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.