In this paper, we fabricated gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on PDMS-based organic-inorganic hybrid materials in order to assembly liquid sensor using localized surface plasmon resonance. Using PDMS-based hybrid materials as a substrate enables us to control the structure of GNPs by synthesizing hybrid materials with the appropriate molar ratio of metal alkoxide to PDMS because the GNPs were deposited on (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane-modified inorganic parts of the hybrid materials by chemical adsorption. In addition, LSPR condition of GNPs deposited on the PDMS-based hybrid materials changes by not only refractive index of liquid surrounding GNPs but polarity of liquid because swelling of PDMS-based hybrid materials results in expansion of interparticle distance of GNPs. We measured absorption spectrum of GNPs as a function of time after the immersion to the liquids. We confirmed that time variation of the spectrum differs by changing the kind of sample liquid according to swelling characteristics of PDMS. This result suggests that the prepared GNPs deposited on hybrid material could work as a sensor for selective detection of the liquid sample.