Facile template-free one-pot fabrication of TiO2@C microspheres with high visible-light photocatalytic degradation activity

Hongxu Guo; Zishan Zheng; Jianhua Chen; Wen Weng; Mingqiang Huang

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.36, 306-313, April, 2016

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2016.02.018 Export Citation

Facile template-free one-pot fabrication of TiO2@C microspheres with high visible-light photocatalytic degradation activity

Hongxu Guo^†, Zishan Zheng, Jianhua Chen, Wen Weng, and Mingqiang Huang

College of Chemistry & Environmental, Minnan Normal University, Xiangqian 36, Zhangzhou 363000, PR China

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TiO2@C microspheres were fabricated through facile template-free one-pot hydrothermal reaction, in which ferrocene was first simultaneously used as carbon source and structure directing agent. The composite obtained have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption?desorption isotherms. The results show that the peripheries of the microspheres are stacked by several TiO2 particles. The band gap energy the as-prepared sample is estimated to be 2.26 eV. All carbon species in the composite are modified on the surface of the photocatalyst. The as-prepared TiO2@C microspheres exhibited higher visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic pollutants (Congo red and 4-nitrophenol) than that of N-doped TiO2 catalyst. The ?OH radicals formed in the process of photocatalytic degradation were also detected through fluorescence technique.

Keywords:TiO2@C microspheres;Visible-light photocatalytic degradation;Congo red;4-Nitrophenol;OH radicals

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[Referenced By]

[1] Ramakrishnan R, Kalaivani S, Joice JAI, Sivakumar T, Appl. Surf. Sci., 258(7), 2515 (2012)

[2] Bagheri M, Mahjoub AR, Mehri B, RSC Adv., 4, 21757 (2014)

[3] Linsebigler AL, Lu GQ, Yates JT, Chem. Rev., 95(3), 735 (1995)

[4] Shoabargh S, Karimi A, Dehghan G, Khataee A, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(5), 3150 (2014)

[5] Chen X, Mao SS, Chem. Rev., 107(7), 2891 (2007)

[6] Zhang DR, Liu HL, Han SY, Piao WX, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(6), 1838 (2013)

[7] Wahi RK, Yu WW, Liu YP, Mejia ML, Falkner JC, Nolte W, Colvin VL, J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 242(1-2), 48 (2005)

[8] Erdemoglu S, Aksu SK, Sayilkan F, Izgi B, Asilturk M, Sayilkan H, Frimmel F, Gucer S, J. Hazard. Mater., 155(3), 469 (2008)

[9] Sun JH, Wang YK, Sun RX, Dong SY, Mater. Chem. Phys., 115(1), 303 (2009)

[10] Guo HX, Lin KL, Zheng ZS, Xiao FB, Li SX, Dyes Pigment., 92, 1278 (2012)

[11] Natarajan TS, Natarajan K, Bajaj HC, Tayade RJ, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 50(13), 7753 (2011)

[12] Guo N, Liang YM, Lan S, Liu L, Zhang JJ, Ji GJ, Gan SC, J. Phys. Chem. C, 118, 18343 (2014)

[13] Atarod M, Nasrollahzadeh M, Sajadi SM, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 462, 272 (2016)

[14] Safari M, Nikazar M, Dadvar M, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(5), 1697 (2013)

[15] Baek MH, Jung WC, Yoon JW, Hong JS, Lee YS, Suh JK, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(2), 469 (2013)

[16] Sakthivel S, Kisch H, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 42, 4908 (2003)

[17] Lin XX, Rong F, Jia X, Fu DG, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 142, 276 (2011)

[18] Park JH, Kim S, Bard AJ, Nano Lett., 6, 24 (2006)

[19] Xu C, Killmeyer R, Gray ML, Khan SUM, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 64(3-4), 312 (2006)

[20] Shen M, Wu ZY, Huang H, Du YK, Zou ZG, Yang P, Mater. Lett., 60, 693 (2006)

[21] Khan SUM, Al-Shahry M, Ingler WB, Science, 297, 2243 (2002)

[22] Wu ZB, Dong F, Zhao WR, Wang HQ, Liu Y, Guan BH, Nanotechnology, 20, 235701 (2009)

[23] Wu G, Nishikawa T, Ohtani B, Chen A, Chem. Mater., 19, 4530 (2007)

[24] Yang XX, Cao CD, Hohn K, Erickson L, Maghirang R, Hamal D, Klabunde K, J. Catal., 52, 296 (2007)

[25] Huang Y, Ho WK, Lee SC, Zhang LZ, Li GS, Yu JC, Langmuir, 24(7), 3510 (2008)

[26] Ren WJ, Ai ZH, Jia FL, Zhang LZ, Fan XX, Zou ZG, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 69(3-4), 138 (2007)

[27] Park Y, Kim W, Park H, Tachikawa T, Majima T, Choi W, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 91(1-2), 355 (2009)

[28] Yu JG, Liu SW, Yu HG, J. Catal., 249(1), 59 (2007)

[29] Yu JG, Su YR, Cheng B, Adv. Funct. Mater., 17(12), 1984 (2007)

[30] Wang HQ, Wu ZB, Liu Y, J. Phys. Chem. C, 113, 13317 (2009)

[31] Zhuang JD, Tian QF, Zhou H, Liu Q, Liu P, Zhong HM, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 7036 (2012)

[32] Lv KL, Hu JC, Li XH, Li M, J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 356, 78 (2012)

[33] Wu DY, Long M, Cai WM, Chen C, Wu YH, J. Alloy. Compd., 502, 289 (2010)

[34] Yuan PS, Wu QS, Ding YP, Wu HQ, Yang XC, Carbon, 47, 2648 (2009)

[35] Fu XC, Chen X, Wang J, Liu JH, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 139, 8 (2011)

[36] Suo ZR, Dong XN, Liu H, J. Solid State Chem., 206, 1 (2013)

[37] Ai LH, Zeng Y, Jiang J, Chem. Eng. J., 235, 331 (2014)

[38] Lei CX, Jiang XL, Huang X, Liu X, Zeng DQ, Ma YT, Wang LS, Peng DL, Appl. Surf. Sci., 359, 860 (2015)

[39] Xiao HH, Qu FY, Umar A, Wu X, Mater. Res. Bull., 74, 284 (2016)

[40] Guo HX, Chen JH, Weng W, Wang QX, Li SX, Chem. Eng. J., 239, 192 (2014)