International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.16, No.3, 5363-5374, 2015
Tetraspanin 8-Rictor-Integrin alpha 3 Complex Is Required for Glioma Cell Migration
The malignant glioma remains one of the most aggressive human malignancies with extremely poor prognosis. Glioma cell invasion and migration are the main causes of death. In the current study, we studied the expression and the potential functions of tetraspanin 8 (Tspan8) in malignant gliomas. We found that Tspan8 expression level is high in both malignant glioma tissues and in several human glioma cell lines, where it formed a complex integrin alpha 3 and rictor, the latter is a key component of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 2 (mTORC2). Disruption of this complex, through siRNA-mediated knockdown of anyone of these three proteins, inhibited U251MG glioma cell migration in vitro. We further showed that Tspan8-rictor association appeared required for mTORC2 activation. Knockdown of Tspan8 by the targeted siRNAs prevented mTOR-rictor (mTORC2) assembly as well as phosphorylation of AKT (Ser-473) and protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) in U251MG cells. Together, these results demonstrate that over-expressed Tspan8 in malignant glioma forms a complex with rictor and integrin alpha 3 to mediate mTORC2 activation and glioma cell migration. Therefore, targeting Tspan8-rictor-integrin alpha 3 complex may provide a potential therapeutic intervention for malignant glioma.