While graphene or graphene oxide can make significant improvements in the properties of a wide variety of polymeric materials, their incorporation can be challenged by incompatibility with the polymeric matrix. The modification of graphene oxide with silicones or silanes using the PiersRubinsztajn reaction improves dispersibility in nonpolar materials, including organic solvents and silicone pre- elastomers. A high loading (up to 10 wt %) of modified graphene oxide in silicone elastomers could be achieved, which resulted in enhanced mechanical performance and reduced gas permeability. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.