Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol.157, 1057-1064, 2016
LED array scanner for inline characterization of thin film photovoltaic modules
Thin film solar cells, and in particular printed organic solar cells, offer a potential route to a low cost power generation from sunlight. However, manufacturing these solar cells rapidly generates large areas that have to be characterized, preferably in-line for a direct feed back to the development and production process. Here we introduce the LEDimage, a LED array illumination induced photocurrent method suitable for high speed in-line characterization and defect detection of organic solar cell modules. Each LED in the array is amplitude modulated at an individual frequency and photo current maps are generated by analyzing the photo current response with a multifrequency lock-in amplifier. For monolithic series connected modules the LEDimage enables simultaneous illumination of all series connected subcells without additional bias light. Furthermore, the LEDimage can be used as a hand scanner for fast device characterization and also as a portable photocurrent mapping tool. Upscaled and with improved in-line contacts we expect that LEDimage can be an effective research and industry tool for characterization of large area thin film solar cells at high speeds. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords:LBIC;OPV;Polymer solar cell;Portable characterization;Inline characterization;Photo current image