The present study has focused to assess the energy performance and economic feasibility of nano aerogel (nanogel) glazing and nano vacuum insulation panel (VIP) when applied to a multi-story office building located in the Dhahran region of Saudi Arabia. The energy performance of the building was studied in cases such as i) without thermal insulation, ii) with conventional insulation (in wall and roof) and double-glazed (DG) window and iii) with nanogel glazing (in window) and nano VIP (for wall and roof). The building model was built in Autodesk Revit (2015), and the energy simulation was performed by Ecotect software (2011). A cost analysis was also performed to assess the economic feasibility of the various insulation options. The results show that, replacing the DG windows with nanogel glazing achieves a saving of 14% in the annual energy consumption of the building, while polystyrene foam and nano VIP in walls and roof yield savings of 0.5% and 0.8% respectively. The energy saving potential is almost independent of the relative humidity and occupancy, and is sensitive to the set-point temperature. For the study building, the best option in terms of both energy performance and cost is to provide nanogel glazing in windows and polystyrene insulation in walls and roof. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.