In the present work, the injection-molded poly(L-lactide)/poly(D-lactide) parts were thermally treated at nearly below the melting point of stereocomplex crystals (SCs) (similar to 210 degrees C) to prepare polylactides (PLAs) with good heat resistance, and it is found that exclusive formation of SC is effectively achieved. It is worth mentioning that injection molded PLAs used in thermal treatment were first prepared by employing a high mold temperature (120 degrees C) to ensure proper crystallinity and SC content, which makes sure that no warpage of PLA was noticed during thermal treatment. Consequently, superbly heat resistant injection-molded parts with Vicat softening temperature of similar to 200 degrees C were successfully achieved. Meanwhile, the template effect of residual SCs, as evidenced by in situ X-ray diffraction results, was proposed to explain the high efficiency of thermal treatment. Specifically, the residual SC in PLA melts with perfect surface and well-defined lattice parameters can act as template to guide formation of new SCs.