Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.55, No.22, 11867-11882, 2016
Preparation, X-ray Structures, Spectroscopic, and Redox Properties of Di- and Trinuclear Iron-Zirconium and Iron-Hafnium Porphyrinoclathrochelates
The first hybrid di- and trinuclear iron(II)-zirconium(IV) and iron(II) hafnium(IV) macrobicyclic complexes with one or two apical 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin fragments were obtained using transmetalation reaction between n-butylboron-triethylantimony-capped or bis(triethylantimony)-capped iron(H) clathrochelate precursors and dichlorozirconium(IV)- or dichlorohafnium(IV)-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrins under mild conditions. New di- and trinuclear porphyrinoclathrochelates of general formula FeNx(3)((Bn-Bu)(MTPP)) and FeNx(3)(MTPP)(2) [M = Zr, Hf; TPP = 5,10,15,20-tetraporphyrinato (2-); Nx = nioximo(2-)] were characterized by one-dimensional (H-1 and C-13{H-1}) and two-dimensional (COSY and HSQC) NMR, high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, UV visible, and magnetic circular dichroism spectra, single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments, as well as elemental analyses. Redox properties of all complexes were probed using electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical approaches. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical data suggestive of a very weak, if any, long-range electronic coupling between two porphyrin pi-systems in FeNx(3)(MTPP)(2) complexes. Density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory calculations were used to correlate spectroscopic signatures and redox properties of new compounds with their electronic structures.