Basic features of thermal degradation of mixtures of vacuum tower bottoms with pine sawdust have been studied by dynamic thermogravimetry. The kinetic parameters of the process have been determined using the integral model-free Ozawa-Flynn-Wall method. The enthalpies and ethropies of activation of the thermal degradation of the vacuum residue, the sawdust, and their mixtures have been calculated on the basis of the transition state theory. It has been shown that pine sawdust and its degradation products have an activity to enhance the kinetic parameters and the rate of thermal degradation of vacuum tower bottoms. It has been found that the E value of thermolysis of the heavy petroleum residue substantially decreases with an increase in the proportion of sawdust in the vacuuum resid to 225.0 kJ/mol for the mixture containing 18.0 wt % pine sawdust at a degree of conversion of the mixture of 0.8.