Simultaneous recording of neurochemical signal and electrophysiological activity in the same brain region remains vitally essential to understanding the essences of physiological and pathological events because of the intrinsic chemical and electrical nature of communication between the neurons. However, the difficulty in selectively recording chemical signal with a high temporal resolution in chemically complex central nervous system,presents a great challenge for achieving this goal. In this study, we demonstrate a method for simultaneous and real-time recording of ascorbate and electrical signals in live brain by using an integrated dual-mode micro electrode (IDMME), in which a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)-modified carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME) was efficiently integrated with a glass microcapillary electrode. The SWNT-based CFME was served as an electrochemical recording channel to in vivo monitor cerebral ascorbate with a high selectivity and an improved temporal resolution, while the glass microcapillary electrode was employed as an electrophysiological recording channel for single-unit recording in the cerebral system. We found that no reciprocal interference between the two recording channels with the IDMME when constant-potential amperometty was employed for in vivo monitoring of ascorbate. The validity of the IDMME in neurochemical studies was illustrated by concurrently and real-time recording the dynamic changes of cortical ascorbate level and electrophysiological signal in the same brain region of live rats following ischemia/reperfusion. This study essentially offers an effective approach to in vivo monitoring of neurochemical and electrophysiological events in live brain, which is envisaged to be useful for understanding physiological processes involved in brain functions. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.