Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.56, No.4, 2092-2099, 2017
Bridged N-Heterocyclic/Mesoionic (NHC/MIC) Heterodicarbenes as Ligands for Transition Metal Complexes
Following a copper catalyzed Rayne azide cydoaddition (CuAAC) and N-alkylation protocols, we report the preparation of a hybrid N-heterocyclic/mesoionic [NHC(H+)-MIC(H+)][2I](2-) salt (1) in high yields. The treatment of salt 1 with Cu2O and KI yields a second hybrid NHC/MIC proligand featuring a tetraiodocuprate anion [NHC(H+)-MIC(H+)][Cu2I4](2-) (2). Through selective deprotonation and metalation, both salts 1 and 2 can generate either the chelate heterodicarbene complexes (3) with the rare [NHC center dot(M)center dot MIC](+)[MX2](-) general formula (M = Pd-II, Rh-I) or NHC-anchored/pendent triazolium species (4) [NHC center dot(M)center dot MIC(H+)]. If the triazolium moiety of type 4 complexes is deprotonated with KHMDS in the presence of a second metal center, a series of heterobimetallic complexes of the type [NHC center dot(M)-MIC center dot(M')] (5) are achieved. Interestingly, the reaction of salt 2 with KHMDS yields the bimetallic copper heterodicarbene (6) which can be a useful transfer reagent for the preparation of type 3 complexes. A variety of synthetic routes for the preparation of complexes 3-5 and their full characterization in solution and in the solid state will be discussed.