AimsTo determine the usefulness of the fluorescence parameters generated by Sysmex UF-1000i flow cytometer for the rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infection by bacilli or cocci. Methods and ResultsUrine samples (n=1924) were studied by culture and microbiology and subsequently by cytometry, using BACT-Morph software and considering forward-scattered light (FSC) and fluorescent light scatter fluorescence parameters. BACT-Morph software showed moderate diagnostic accuracy (784%) to detect rod-shaped bacteria, with sensitivity of 824% and specificity of 625%. Forward-scattered (B_FSC) values of the bacterial channel were significant higher for the Gram-positive cocci category (P<0001). A cut-off of B_FSC 242, expressed in arbitrary units (analytical channel, ch), provided higher sensitivity (900%) but lower specificity (389%), and the diagnostic accuracy for Gram-positive cocci classification reached 620%. ConclusionsUtilization of BACT-Morph software and bacterial channel fluorescence parameters (B_FSC 242 ch) offered an approximate discrimination of bacilli and cocci but the specificity was low, especially for FSC. Significance and Impact of the StudyFurther research is needed to establish the usefulness of flow cytometry for aetiological diagnosis.