화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Macromolecular Research, Vol.25, No.5, 452-460, May, 2017
DOI10.1007/s13233-017-5069-x  Export Citation
Chemical Modification of Graphene Oxide Through Poly(ethylene oxide)-Conjugations
Abu Bakkar Siddique, Jin Wook An, Hyun Jun Kim, Hyeonjong Park, Geon Chang Lee, Jae Yeol Lee, Sehoon Kim1, Minhoo Byeon2, Chong Rae Park2, and Jungahn Kim†
  • Department of Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea
  • 1Center for Theragnosis, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
  • 2School of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
E-mail:
This paper introduces poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based modification of graphene oxide (GO) layers through the grafting onto the surface of GO as one of the excellent tools to improve the solubility and the processing ability of graphene. Methylene blue (MB)-mediated intercalation of graphite (flake) was first performed at 25 °C in aqueous media, followed by the Hummers’ process for oxidation, leading to an efficient production of GO. Direct oxidation of graphite (powder) also yielded the corresponding GO. The reaction of neutralized GO with “living” PEOs synthesized from alkyllithium- or sodium azide-initiated polymerization of ethylene oxide (EO) in polar solvents led to the production of the corresponding graphene oxide-g- PEOs soluble in different solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and H2O, etc. The resulting products were characterized by the combination of size exclusion chromatographic, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Raman, thermogravimetric anlysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses.
Keywords:living anionic ring-opening polymerization;methylene blue-mediated intercalation;soluble graphene oxides;graphene oxide-g-PEO;graphene oxide-g-PEO-N3
  1. Dikin DA, Stankovich S, Zimmney EJ, Piner RD, Dommett GHB, Evmenenko G, Nguyen ST, Ruoff RS, Nature, 448, 457 (2007)
  2. Geim AK, Novoselov KS, Nat. Mater., 6(3), 183 (2007)
  3. Cai J, Ruffieux P, Jaafar R, Bieri M, Braun T, Blankenburg S, Muoth M, Seitsonen AP, Saleh M, Feng X, Mullen K, Fasel R, Nature, 466, 470 (2010)
  4. Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos SV, Grigorieva IV, Firsov AA, Science, 306, 666 (2004)
  5. Balog R, Jorgensen B, Nilsson L, Andersen M, Rienks E, Bianchi M, Fanetti M, Laegsgaard E, Baraldi A, Lizzit S, Sljivancanin Z, Besenbacher F, Hammer B, Pedersen TG, Hofmann P, Hornekaer L, Nat. Mater., 9(4), 315 (2010)
  6. Warner JH, Rummeli MH, Ge L, Gemming T, Montanari B, Harrison NM, Buchner B, Briggs GAD, Nat. Nanotechnol., 4(8), 500 (2009)
  7. Gomez-Navarro C, Burghard M, Kern K, Nano Lett., 8, 2045 (2008)
  8. Liu Z, Robinson JT, Sun XM, Dai HJ, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130(33), 10876 (2008)
  9. Yang W, Ratinac KR, Ringer SP, Thordarson P, Gooding JJ, Braet F, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 49, 2114 (2010)
  10. Cong HP, He JJ, Lu Y, Yu SH, Small, 6, 169 (2010)
  11. Hummers WS, Offeman RE, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 80, 1339 (1958)
  12. Chen J, Yao B, Li C, Shi G, Carbon, 64, 225 (2013)
  13. Chen J, Li Y, Huang L, Li C, Shi S, Carbon, 81, 826 (2015)
  14. Zhang J, Xia J, Zhao Q, Liu L, Zhang Z, Small, 6, 537 (2010)
  15. Liang M, Zhi L, J. Mater. Chem., 19, 5871 (2009)
  16. Marcano DC, Kosynkin DV, Berlin JM, Sinitskii A, Sun Z, Slesarev A, Alemany LB, Lu W, Tour JM, ACS Nano, 4, 4806 (2010)
  17. Thomas HR, Marsden AJ, Walker M, Wilson NR, Rourke JP, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 53, 7613 (2014)
  18. Zhang D, Fu L, Liao L, Liu N, Dai B, Zhang C, Nano Res., 5, 875 (2012)
  19. Liu T, Li Y, Du Q, Sun J, Jiao Y, Yang G, Wang Z, Xia Y, Zhang W, Wang K, Zhu Z, Wu D, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces, 90, 197 (2012)
  20. Yang ST, Chen S, Chang YL, Cao AN, Liu YF, Wang HF, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 359(1), 24 (2011)
  21. Sahu Z, Choi WI, Lee JH, Tae G, Biomaterials, 34, 6239 (2013)
  22. McAllister MJ, Li JL, Adamson DH, Schniepp HC, Abdala AA, Liu J, Herrera-Alonso M, Milius DL, Car R, Prud’homme RK, Aksay IA, Chem. Mater., 19, 4396 (2007)
  23. Englert JM, Dotzer C, Yang G, Schmid M, Papp C, Gottfried JM, Steinruck HP, Spiecker E, Hauke F, Hirsch A, Nat. Chem., 3, 279 (2011)
  24. Dai L, Acc. Chem. Res., 46, 31 (2013)
  25. Quintana M, Vazquez E, Prato M, Acc. Chem. Res., 46, 138 (2013)
  26. Collins WR, Lewandowski W, Schmois E, Walish J, Swager TM, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 50, 8848 (2011)
  27. Layek RK, Nandi AK, Polymer, 54(19), 5087 (2013)
  28. Wang Y, Wang H, Liu D, Song S, Wang X, Zhang H, Biomaterials, 34, 7715 (2013)
  29. Akhavan O, Ghaderi E, Small, 9, 3593 (2013)
  30. Yang K, Feng L, Shi X, Liu Z, Chem. Soc. Rev., 42, 530 (2013)
  31. Robinson JT, Tabakman SM, Liang YY, Wang HL, Casalongue HS, Vinh D, Dai HJ, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133(17), 6825 (2011)
  32. Cai M, Thorpe D, Adamson DH, Schniepp HC, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 24992 (2012)
  33. Pandey RP, Shukla G, Manohar M, Shahi VK, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 240, 15 (2017)
  34. Hong BJ, Compton OC, An Z, Eryazici I, Nguyen ST, ACS Nano, 6, 63 (2012)
  35. Thomas HR, Phillips DJ, Wilson NR, Gibson MI, Rourke JP, Polym. Chem., 6, 8270 (2015)
  36. Kim J, Choi SY, Kim KM, Go DH, Jeon HJ, Lee JY, Park HS, Lee CH, Park HM, Macromol. Res., 15(4), 337 (2007)
  37. Yang S, Kim Y, Kim HC, Siddique AB, Youn G, Kim HJ, Park H, Lee JY, Kim S, Kim J, Polym. Chem., 7, 394 (2016)
  38. Maeng JH, Lee DH, Jung KH, Bae YH, Park IS, Jeong S, Jeon YS, Shim CK, Kim W, Kim J, Lee J, Lee YM, Kim JH, Kim WH, Hong SS, Biomaterials, 31, 4995 (2010)
  39. Kim SW, Siddique AB, An JW, Park HJ, Kim HJ, Kang HJ, Lee JY, Kim S, Kim J, Macromol. Res., 24(2), 188 (2016)
  40. Chen J, Chi F, Huang L, Zhang M, Yao B, Li Y, Li C, Shi G, Carbon, 110, 34 (2016)
  41. Choi EY, Han TH, Hong J, Kim JE, Lee SH, Kim HW, Kim SO, J. Mater. Chem., 20, 1907 (2010)
  42. Park S, An J, Piner RD, Jung I, Yang D, Velamakanni A, Nguyen ST, Ruoff RS, Chem. Mater., 20, 6592 (2008)
  43. Shan C, Yang H, Song J, Han D, Ivaska A, Niu L, Anal. Chem., 81, 2378 (2009)
  44. Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Piner RD, Kohlhaas RD, Kleinhammes A, Jia Y, Wu Y, Nguyen ST, Ruoff RS, Carbon, 45, 1558 (2007)
  45. Ni Z, Wang Y, Yu T, Shen Z, Nano Res., 1, 273 (2008)
  46. Graf D, Molitor F, Ensslin K, Stampfer C, Jungen A, Hierold C, Wirtz L, Nano Lett., 7, 238 (2007)
  47. Podila R, Rao R, Tsuchikawa R, Ishigami M, Rao AM, ACS Nano, 6, 5784 (2012)
  48. Ferrari AC, Basko DM, Nat. Nanotechnol., 8(4), 235 (2013)
  49. Calizo I, Balandin AA, Bao W, Miao F, Lau CN, Nano Lett., 7, 2645 (2007)
  50. Shen JF, Hu YZ, Li C, Qin C, Shi M, Ye MX, Langmuir, 25(11), 6122 (2009)
  51. Wang H, Zhou H, Gestos A, Fang J, Niu H, Ding J, Lin T, Robust T, Soft Matter, 9, 277 (2013)
  52. Matsuo Y, Tahara K, Sugie Y, Carbon, 34, 672 (1996)
  53. Zhang W, Guo Z, Huang D, Liu Z, Guo X, Zhong H, Biomaterials, 32, 8555 (2011)
  54. Yang Y, Wan J, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Lee ST, Liu Z, ACS Nano, 5, 516 (2011)
  55. Barroso-Bujans F, Fernandez-Alonso F, Cerveny S, Arrese-Igor S, Alegria A, Colmenero J, Macromolecules, 45(7), 3137 (2012)
  56. Barroso-Bujans F, Fernandez-Alonso F, Pomposo JA, Cerveny S, Alegria A, Colmenero J, ACS Macro Lett., 1, 550 (2012)
  57. Collins WR, Schmois E, Swager TM, Chem. Commun., 47, 8790 (2011)
  58. Wuelfing WP, Gross SM, Miles DT, Murray RW, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 120, 12696 (1998)
  59. Levin CS, Bishnoi SW, Grady NK, Halas NJ, Anal. Chem., 78, 3277 (2006)
  60. de Gennes PG, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 27, 189 (1987)
  61. Jokerst JV, Lobovkina T, Zare RN, Gambhir SS, Nanomedicine, 6, 715 (2011)