In this study, Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) and Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) after treatment systems integrated 3L diesel engine fueled with BDF20, BDF50, BDF100 biodiesel fuels and JIS#2 diesel fuel are experimentally analyzed at 100 Nm, 200 Nm and full load (294 Nm); while the engine speed and cooling water temperature are constant at 1800 rpm and 80 degrees C, respectively. The advanced thermodynamic analyses, such as environmental and enviroeconomic analyses with energy, exergy, sustainability, thermoeconomic and exergoeconomic analyses, are applied. It is found that; (i) Utilization of the DOC is effective to reduce the fuel consumption of the BDF50 fuel; while the DOC and DOC + DPF are effective for the BDF100 fuel. (ii) DOC + DPF is more effective for biodiesel fuels. (iii) DOC + DPF decreases the soot concentration of all fuels. (iv) The maximum efficiency is found for the BDF100 fuel. (v) DOC + DPF is generally good option to reduce the CO2 of the fuels, especially for the BDF20 and BDF50. (vi) DOC + DPF is more effective for the BDF20 and BDF50 biodiesel blends; while both of the DOC and DOC + DPF are effective for the BDF50 fuel for reducing the prices of the released CO2. (vii) All fuels are more sustainable at full load. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.