화학공학소재연구정보센터
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.56, No.11, 6662-6670, 2017
Influence of Rotator Design on the Speed of Self-Assembled Four-Component Nanorotors: Coordinative Versus Dispersive Interactions
Four-component nanorotors are prepared by the self-assembly of stator [Cu4(4)](4+) with its four copper(I)-loaded phenanthroline stations and various rotators carrying one, two, or three pyridine terminals. The fourth component, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, serves as a connecting axle between rotator and stator. Capitalizing on the heteroleptic pyridyl and phenanthroline metal complexes concept, the rotators pyridine terminals are connected to the copper(I)-loaded phenanthroline stations (N-py -> [Cu(phen)](+)) in the STOP state and disconnected in the transition state of rotation. As the barrier of the thermally activated rotation, measured by variable-temperature 1H NMR, is mainly governed by attractive forces between stator stations and rotator terminals, it increases along the series Ea (monopyridine rotator) < Ea (dipyridine rotator) < Ea (tripyridine rotator). However, there are even distinct differences in rate between rotors with equal number of rotator terminals. The change from the 5,10-dipyridyl (cis) to 5,15-dipyridyl (trans) zinc porphyrin rotator enhances the rotational frequency by almost 1000-fold. Density functional theory computational results suggest that not only coordinative N-py -> [Cu(phen)](+) interactions but also dispersive attraction influence the barrier of rotation.