Polymer, Vol.119, 13-27, 2017
Electro-optic properties of a side chain poly(norbornene-dicarboximide) system with an appended phenyl vinylene thiophene chromophore
A side chain EO copolymer series has been synthesized by ROMP using the Grubbs 3rd generation initiator and quenched with ethyl vinyl ether. The copolymers were prepared by combining two norbornene-dicarboximide monomers, one with a cyclohexyl substituent and another substituted with an FTC chromophore. The mol% of the chromophore-substituted monomer was varied from 0.00 mol% to 22.92 mol%, all polymers were obtained in a yield of between 83 and 92% and a purity of between 97 and 98%. The cis:trans vinylene ratio remained constant at 1:1, confirming the polymers were amorphous. Peak molecular weights increased from 29,541 g/mol to 142,113 g/mol and the PDI increased from 1.36 to 4.01 respectively. Glass transition and thermal decomposition temperatures decreased from 206 degrees C to 168 degrees C and 433 degrees C to 382 degrees C as the mol% of the chromophore-substituted monomer was increased. UV- vis absorbance spectroscopy was used to quantify the chromophore content. A close correlation (68-95%) between the measured and calculated absorbance was found. The polymer containing 22.92 mol% of the chromophore-substituted monomer had a maximum r(33) of 70 pm/V when polled at an optimum field of 60 V/mu m at a polling temperature of 200 degrees C. This equates to a high polling efficiency of 1.16. High current flow in this polymer film at elevated field strength caused a breakdown of the electrode, preventing access to an elevated electro-optic coefficient. This polymer was found to have an excellent stability of 76% when aged at 85 degrees C for 1000 h in air. (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Nonlinear optics (NLO);Ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP);FTC chromophores;Random copolymers;Side chain;Poly(NDI)s;Grubbs 3;High glass transition temperature;High thermal decomposition temperature;High thermal stability;High temporal stability;High polling efficiency