Endothelial progenitor cells have been shown to differentiate into endothelial cells and to play a pivotal role in vascular homeostasis. Adiponectin has anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties via directly acting on vascular cells. The aim of the present study is to explore the effect of adiponectin on major functions involved in survival, migration, and tube formation of endothelial progenitor cells and to explore the underlying mechanism. In this study, we transferred adiponectin gene into endothelial progenitor cells via lentiviral vectors and investigated the proliferation, migration and tube formation of these transfected cells. We found that adiponectin is highly expressed in endothelial progenitor cells and promotes their proliferation, migration and tube formation. Western blot data showed that the former two processes were mediated through the AMPK/Akt/eNOS pathway, the latter via the AMPK/eNOS pathway. Use of the AMPK inhibitor (Compound C) or Akt inhibitor (MK-2206) reduced eNOS phosphorylation and attenuated adiponectin-induced endothelial progenitor cell proliferation, migration and tube formation compared to the controls (p < 0.05). Taken together, these data indicated that adiponectin promotes endothelial progenitor cell proliferation and migration via AMPK/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway and promotes tube formation through AMPK/eNOS, suggesting that adiponectin-transduced endothelial progenitor cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic target for vascular disease. (c) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.