화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Clean Technology, Vol.23, No.4, 345-356, December, 2017
DOI10.7464/ksct.2017.23.4.345  Export Citation
퇴비사의 효율적인 운영기술에 대한 고찰
A Review on Efficient Operation Technology of Compost Depot
양일승, 지민규1, 전병훈†
  • 한양대학교, 서울특별시 성동구 왕십리로 222
  • 1한국환경정책·평가연구원, 세종특별자치시 시청대로 370
Il-Seung Yang, Min-Kyu Ji1, and Byong-Hun Jeon†
  • Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
  • 1Korea Environment Institute, 370 Sicheong-daero, Sejong, 30147, Republic of Korea
E-mail:
초록
퇴비화 과정은 유기물질을 비료와 같은 유용한 자원으로 전환하는 생물학적 과정이다. 퇴비화는 유기물과 환경조건(탄질율, 온도, 습도, 산소공급, pH 등)의 변화에 적응하는 미생물 군집의 연속적인 천이과정으로 이해될 수 있다. 우리나라에서의 유기성 폐기물을 처리하는 퇴비사의 악취는 도시화 가속화에 따른 신도시개발, 공장이나 주거지역들의 생활지역 근접화에 따라 악취를 발생시키는 원인이 되어 관공서에 민원이 제기되는등 사회적인 문제가 되고 있다. 이의 저감방안으로 퇴비사에서 우점하는 미생물을 규명하고 미생물 군집의 변화를 조사, 연구하여 생장환경에 맞게 적용하는 것은 퇴비공정의 효율적인 개선과 생산된 퇴비의 품질제어, 악취저감 측면에서 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 퇴비화에 있어 최적의 운용기술과 악취발생을 저감하는 방법들을 중심으로 고찰하였다. 퇴비화 공정에서 부숙활동에 효과적인 올바른 미생물종의 선택과 개체수의 빠른 증가가 부숙을 촉진시킨다. 이에 따른 미생물 분해활동을 통한 부숙 극대화를 위한 공기량(산소), 온도, 습도 등 박테리아의 최적 생장조건을 제시하였다. 악취제거 및 수분조절기능이 있는 다공성광물을 사용했더니 악취가 현저하게 개선되어 졌다. 미생물의 생장조건을 최적화.부숙환경을 개선, 부숙을 촉진시켜 악취를 저감하는 최근기술들도 제시하였다.
The composting is a biological process that converts organic matter into useful resources such as fertilizers. It is a continuous transition of microbial communities to adapt changes in organic matter and environmental conditions (carbonation rate, temperature, humidity, oxygen supply, pH, etc.). Most of the composting plants are located in the proximity of the residential areas. It is a general scenario where government authorities receive complaints from the local residents due to release of odor from the composting, and has become a social problem in Korea. Identification of dominant microorganisms, understanding change in microbial communities and augmentation of specific microorganism for composting is vital to enhance the efficiency of composting, quality of the compost produced, and reduction of odor. In this paper, we suggest the optimum operation conditions and methods for compost depot to reduce odor generation. The selection of the appropriate microorganisms and their rapid increase in population are effective to promote composting. The optimal growth conditions of bacteria such as aeration (oxygen), temperature, and humidity were standardized to maximize composting through microbial degradation. The use of porous minerals and moisture control has significantly improved odor removal. Recent technologies to reduce odor from the composting environment and improved composting processes are also presented.
Keywords:Organic waste;Composting;Microbial degradation;Odor reduction;Porous mineral;Compost depot
  1. Lim SL, Lee LH, Wu TY, J. Clean Prod., 111, 262 (2016)
  2. Jara-Samaniego J, Perez-Murcia MD, Bustamante MA, Perez-Espinosa A, Paredes C, Lopez M, Lopez-Lluch DB, Gavilanes-Teran I, Moral R, J. Clean Prod., 141, 1349 (2017)
  3. Ha DM, Kim DH, J. Agri. Life Sci., 49(4), 57 (2015)
  4. Oh MH, Sim JG, HW, Yun TH, Lee EY, J. Odor Indoor Environ., 13(3), 168 (2014)
  5. Cho YM, Policy Report, 230, 1 (2017)
  6. Kim HN, Lim BB, Kim ST, J. Korean Soc. Environ. Eng., 38(4), 162 (2016)
  7. Ku HH, Kim SH, Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert., 49(3), 282 (2016)
  8. Bong KM, Kim JM, Yoo JH, Park IC, Lee CW, Kim PI, Korean Soc. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 31(3), 158 (2016)
  9. Zoares MA, Quina MJ, Reis MS, Quinta-Ferreira R, Wast. Manag., 59, 80 (2017)
  10. Seo MC, Cho HS, Kim JH, Sang WG, Shin P, Lee GH, Korean Soc. Soil Sci. Fert., 48(6), 736 (2015)
  11. Han SY, Korean J. Microbiol., 52(2), 175 (2016)
  12. Schutze E, Klose M, Merten D, Nietzsche S, Senftleben D, Roth M, Kothe E, J. Hazard. Mater., 267, 128 (2014)
  13. Heo JH, Seo SJ, Lee BE, Yeom JH, Lee KS, Korean J. Microbiol., 52(3), 243 (2016)
  14. Yang SJ, Lee DH, Park HM, Jung HK, Park CS, Hong JH, Korean J. Food Preserv., 21, 286 (2014)
  15. Shin JH, Lee JW, Nam JH, Park SY, Lee DH, Korean J. Microbiol., 45(2), 148 (2009)
  16. Park JH, Kang TS, Seok JW, Jean SH, Heo Y, Kim KL, Lee KS, Yun CS, Korean Soc. Occup. Environ. Med., 11, 289 (2013)
  17. Park SH, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Pusan (2002).
  18. Lee JH, Jeong JO, Park SO, Korean J. Enviromen. Health Soc., 26(3), 1 (2000)
  19. Choi JY, Lee TS, Park SO, Noh BS, Korean J. Food Sci. Technol., 29(4), 745 (1997)
  20. Sung HG, Korean Soc. Grassland Forage Sci., 37(1), 35 (2017)
  21. Haruta S, Nakayama T, Nakamura K, Hemmi H, Ishii M, Igarashi Y, Nishino T, J. Biosci. Bioeng., 99(1), 1 (2005)
  22. Hong JH, Ann YG, Jung JD, Korean J. Sanit., 18(1), 58 (2003)
  23. Kim KC, Bae YS, Kim SJ, Kim SW, Korean J. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 18(5), 363 (2003)
  24. Yoo JH, Joo JH, Kim SG, Jang IH, Korean J. Environ. Agric., 35(4), 294 (2016)
  25. Ryoo JW, J. Animal Environ. Sci., 13(2), 121 (2007)
  26. Lee SB, Lee CH, Hong CO, Kim SY, Lee YB, Kim PJ, Korean J. Environ. Agric., 28(4), 397 (2009)
  27. Lee DH, Kim JK, Jeong GH, Kawg JH, Ravindran B, Lee JW, Korea Org. Resour. Recycl. Asso., 25, 59 (2017)
  28. Kim JH, Park JS, Phae CG, Clean Technol., 22(3), 181 (2016)
  29. Costa M, Carneiro L, Costa L, Pereira D, Lorin H, Engenharia Agricola, 36(6), 1206 (2016)
  30. Park JG, Seo ST, Park SC, Lee HS, J. Environ. Manage., 20(2), 65 (2014)
  31. Kim YS, Lee TS, Cho SH, Jeong JY, An GY, Lee JJ, Han KP, Hong JW, Korea Org. Resour. Recycl. Asso., 25(1), 79 (2017)
  32. Opalinski S, Korczynski M, Szoltysik M, Dobrzanski Z, Kolacz R, Open Chem., 13(1), 967 (2015)
  33. Wellinghoff S, Kampa J, Barenberg S, Gray P, Lelah M, U.S. Patent No. 6277408 B1 (2001).
  34. Johnson L, U.S. Patent No. 6893632 B2 (2005).
  35. Mejias L, Komilis D, Gea T, Sanchez A, Waste Manage., 65, 22 (2017)
  36. Chae JS, Jeon JM, Oh KC, Ryoo HU, Kim SD, Korean Soc. Atmosph. Environ., 33(2), 108 (2017)
  37. Lee EY, Jung SL, J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 38(3), 244 (2010)
  38. Barbusinski K, Kalemba K, Kasperczyk D, Urbaniec K, Kozik V, J. Clean Prod., 152, 223 (2017)
  39. Ha TU, Choi SJ, J. Environ. Sci., 14, 15 (2000)
  40. Lee BK, Lee SH, Tak SJ, Lee BK, J. Climate Change Res., 8(1), 51 (2017)
  41. Lee SC, Kim DJ, Clean Technol., 18(2), 2009 (2012)
  42. Borowski S, Matusiak K, Powałowski S, Pielech-Przybylska K, Makowski K, Nowak A, Rosowski M, Komorowski P, Gutarowska B, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 119, 299 (2017)
  43. Onursal E, Ekinci K, Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy, 36, 129 (2017)
  44. Song JW, Hwangbo JK, Kr. Patent No. 10-1264590 (2013).
  45. Yang JY, Kim YI, Oh SE, Kr. Patent App. No. 10-2010-0019609 (2010).
  46. Kim KU, Choi IR, Shin TS, Kr. Patent App. No. 10-2013-0003738 (2013).
  47. Kim PU, Kr. Patent No. 10-1260872 (2013).
  48. Lee CS, Kr. Patent No. 10-0065671 (2014).
  49. Yoo MK, Yun CK, Kr. Patent No. 10-1619124 (2016).
  50. Kim SS, Kr. Patent No. 10-1696067 (2017).
  51. Kwon KG, Kr. Patent App. No. 10-2017-0016217 (2017).
  52. “Installation and Operation of Food Waste Treatment Facilities,” Ministry of Environment (2016).
  53. Composting microorganism: (a) Actinomycetes : https://www.slideshare.net/SalmanAli83/actinomycetes 58131399 2017.
  54. Composting microorganism: (b) Streptomyces : http://prgdb.crg.eu/wiki/Species:Streptomyces 2017.
  55. Composting microorganism: (c) Bacillus: http://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-rod-shaped-bacillus-bacteria-33303842.html2017.