The achievement of a more rational use of energy can be difficult when large and complex industrial plants are considered. In the present work, an example is given of how a well-focused energy analysis, based on experimental data, can help to point out possible relevant energy savings. In particular, two different refrigeration systems have been examined for a confectionery plant in different seasons, atmospheric and production conditions, allowing us to understand the actual operation. Based on the analysis of the results, energy saving strategies have been proposed and discussed. Copyright (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.