The characteristics of the rheological behavior of the original road asphalt BND 60/90 and asphalt modified by an adhesive additive are determined. It is shown that the activation energy of viscous flow of asphalt increases on modification and that an extremum is observed at additive content of 0.8 wt. %. The additive exerts a cross-linking effect resulting from formation of a more uniform spatial disperse structure. In this case, the cross-linking effect manifests itself at a particular additive concentration (0.8 wt. %) at which the asphalt system attains the most active state. It is demonstrated that peptization of asphalt aggregates by additive molecules at a high strain rate effectively prevents recombination of the structural elements of the oil disperse system.