Electrochimica Acta, Vol.258, 1044-1052, 2017
A combined approach: Polyol synthesis of nanocrystalline Li2FeSiO4, doping multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and ionic liquid electrolyte to enhance cathode performance in Li-ion batteries
Li2MSiO4 (M - transition metal) is a promising class of materials for lithium-ion batteries due to the possibility of reversible extraction of two lithium ions per formula unit ( theoretical capacity 333 mAh g(-1)). Here, we report a combined approach of synthesizing Li2FeSiO4 (LFS) by polyol method and doping multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to create an inter-particle conductive network. The prepared Li2FeSiO4 is of orthorhombic phase ( space group Pmn2(1)), with no substantial change on adding MWCNTs. An average particle size of 120 nm and the presence of an inter-particle conducting network are observed in the LFS-CNT sample. Electrochemical performance of the LFS materials was evaluated by assembling CR2032 coin cells with Li anode and 0.2 m BMPyTFSI-LiTFSI ionic liquid electrolyte at room temperature. Pure LFS delivered a discharge capacity of 165 mAh g(-1) while LFS-CNT delivered 270 mAh g(-1) at C/20 rate. LFS-CNT has a superior rate capability and a lower chargetransfer resistance (R-CT = 10 Omega) than pure LFS (R-CT = 53 Omega). The MWCNTs also serve as active lithium sites, significantly improving the Li+ diffusion kinetics during cycling. Our results demonstrate that the polyol method enables particle size-reduction, and facilitates in-situ carbon-coating of individual particles to improve their electronic conduction. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.