A lithium-oxygen battery of double-gas-path structure and porous anode is presented in this work. Different from traditional structure battery, porous anode and the gas channel of anode side are used to provide argon gas for the battery. In order to protect the anode from corrosion of oxygen which penetrates from the cathode to the anode by dynamic gas-phase equilibrium. The improvement of the battery performance is attributed to the novel structure that can protect lithium metal from the corrosion of oxygen and it also reduces the growth of dendrite. The lithium-oxygen battery based on double-gas-path structure shows long cycle life (38 cycles), high discharge specific capacity (2510 mAh g(-1)) and specific energy density (7200 W h kg(-1)). More importantly, this work will also provide new ideas and methods for the research of other metal-air battery. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.