Solar Energy, Vol.155, 770-780, 2017
Plasmon aided (BiVO4)(x)-(TiO2)(1-x) ternary nanocomposites for efficient solar water splitting
The work presents the results of newly synthesized facile plasmon aided nanocomposite series, ((BiVO4)(x)-(TiO2)(1-x), x = 0.01, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20) for the efficient solar-driven water splitting application. Owing prominent optoelectrical properties of B10 = (BiVO4)(0.10)-(TiO2)(0.90) composite, Ag nanoparticles (NPs) were impregnated to study the effect of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon. A significant shift of 0.16 degrees and 0.4 eV is recorded in X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) profiles, respectively which confirmed the formation of Ag/B10 nanocomposite. The micrograph and elemental mapping of Ag/B10 composite confirm a homogenous distribution of its components. A notable decrease in the band gap from 3.26 eV (TiO2) to 2.44 eV (Ag/B10) is estimated by Kubelka - Munk equation. Furthermore, the substantial decrease in photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Ag/B10 (similar to 7 folds of TiO2) corroborates its higher light absorption capacity and lower photo-excitons recombination. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting studies carried out via linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) demonstrate that all the photoanodes were active at similar to 0.6 V. Whereas, chronoamperometry (I - t) results depicted the photocurrent density reached to the maximum value of similar to 230 mu A cm(-2) at 0.6 V for Ag/B10 under chopped solar irradiations. Moreover, B10 and Ag/B10 nanostructures affirm prolonged photocurrent (I - t) stability until 3600 s. We report here for the first time, Ag/B10 ternary composite shows enhanced photocurrent density due to its narrow band gap, lower photo-excitons recombination and SPR effect as compared to pristine TiO2, BiVO4 and their binary composites. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.