Selective heavy rare earth element extraction from dilute solutions using ultrasonically synthesized Cyanex 572 oil droplets and Cyanex 572-impregnated resin

Amir Mohammad Nazari; James McNeice; Ahmad Ghahreman

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.59, 388-402, March, 2018

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2017.10.047 Export Citation

Selective heavy rare earth element extraction from dilute solutions using ultrasonically synthesized Cyanex 572 oil droplets and Cyanex 572-impregnated resin

Amir Mohammad Nazari, James McNeice, and Ahmad Ghahreman^†

Department of Mining Engineering, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada, Korea

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The extraction of heavy rare earth elements (HREE) from a dilute leach solution using current routes poses crucial challenges including solvent loss, high solvent consumption, and phase disengagement difficulties for rare earth industry. This study proposes the selective extraction of HREE from dilute solutions using the ultrasonically-generated Cyanex 572 oil droplets (UGCOD) and Cyanex 572- impregnated resin (CIR). Oil/water (O/W) emulsion (EM) is a colloidal suspension, which is composed of micron and sub-micron sized oil droplets introducing a very high interfacial surface area in the aqueous solution. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB)-coated Cyanex 572 oil droplets were synthesized to investigate the impact of surfactant dosage on the zeta potential of EM, droplet size distribution, and extent of selective HREE extraction. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results clearly showed that the cation-exchange mechanism is involved in rare earth elements (REE) ions extraction by Cyanex 572 oil droplets. However, the addition of cationic and anionic surfactants markedly changed the REE extraction trend, which was due to the electrostatic interaction between REE ions and the outer charged layer formed at the surface of droplets. EM showed very fast HREE extraction compared to that of CIR and solvent extraction (SX).

Keywords:Rare earth;Emulsion;Cyanex 572;Solvent extraction;Colloid

[References]

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Sun X, Waters KE, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2, 2758 (2014)
Dupont D, Binnemans K, Green Chem., 17, 856 (2015)
Xie F, Zhang TA, Dreisinger D, Doyle F, Miner. Eng., 56, 10 (2014)
Nazari AM, Cox PW, Waters KE, Sep. Purif. Technol., 132, 218 (2014)
Nazari AM, Cox PW, Waters KE, Sep. Purif. Technol., 156, 459 (2015)
Tarkan HM, Finch JA, Miner. Eng., 18(1), 83 (2005)
Chen F, Finch JA, Distin PA, Gomez CO, Can. Metall. Q., 42, 277 (2003)
Molaei A, Waters KE, Sep. Purif. Technol., 152, 115 (2015)
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Sengupta B, Sengupta R, Subrahmanyam N, Hydrometallurgy, 81, 67 (2006)
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Ciriello S, Barnett SM, Deluise FJ, Sep. Sci. Technol., 17, 521 (1982)
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Behrend O, Schubert H, Ultrason. Sonochem., 8, 271 (2001)
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Abismail B, Canselier JP, Wilhelm AM, Delmas H, Gourdon C, Ultrason. Sonochem., 6, 75 (1999)
Kentish S, Wooster TJ, Ashokkumar M, Balachandran S, Mawson R, Simons L, Innovative Food Sci. Emerg. Technol., 9, 170 (2008)
Tadros T, Izquierdo P, Esquena J, Solans C, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 108, 303 (2004)
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Li MK, Fogler HS, J. Fluid Mech., 88, 513 (1978)
Wang YL, Li FJ, Zhao ZY, Dong YM, Sun XQ, Sep. Purif. Technol., 151, 303 (2015)
Kabay N, Cortina JL, Trochimczuk A, Streat M, React. Funct. Polym., 70(8), 484 (2010)
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Langmuir I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 38, 2221 (1916)
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[Referenced By]

[1] The Rare Earth Elements Industry in Canada . Summary of Evidence 41st Parliament, Second session (2014).

[2] Kolar E, Catthoor RPR, Kriel FH, Sedev R, Middlemas S, Klier E, Hatch G, Priest C, Chem. Eng. Sci., 148, 212 (2016)

[3] Sun X, Waters KE, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2, 2758 (2014)

[4] Dupont D, Binnemans K, Green Chem., 17, 856 (2015)

[5] Xie F, Zhang TA, Dreisinger D, Doyle F, Miner. Eng., 56, 10 (2014)

[6] Nazari AM, Cox PW, Waters KE, Sep. Purif. Technol., 132, 218 (2014)

[7] Nazari AM, Cox PW, Waters KE, Sep. Purif. Technol., 156, 459 (2015)

[8] Tarkan HM, Finch JA, Miner. Eng., 18(1), 83 (2005)

[9] Chen F, Finch JA, Distin PA, Gomez CO, Can. Metall. Q., 42, 277 (2003)

[10] Molaei A, Waters KE, Sep. Purif. Technol., 152, 115 (2015)

[11] Valenzuela F, Fonseca C, Basualto C, Correa O, Tapia C, Sapag J, Miner. Eng., 18(1), 33 (2005)

[12] Sengupta B, Sengupta R, Subrahmanyam N, Hydrometallurgy, 81, 67 (2006)

[13] Largman T, Sifniades S, Hydrometallurgy, 3, 153 (1978)

[14] Parthasarathy N, Buffle J, Anal. Chim. Acta, 284, 649 (1994)

[15] Kocherginsky NM, Yang Q, Seelam L, Sep. Purif. Technol., 53(2), 171 (2007)

[16] Ciriello S, Barnett SM, Deluise FJ, Sep. Sci. Technol., 17, 521 (1982)

[17] Cabezon LM, Caballero M, Perez-Bustamante JA, Sep. Sci. Technol., 29, 1994 (1491)

[18] Behrend O, Schubert H, Ultrason. Sonochem., 8, 271 (2001)

[19] Schubert H, Ax K, Trends Food Sci. Technol., 14, 9 (2003)

[20] Abismail B, Canselier JP, Wilhelm AM, Delmas H, Gourdon C, Ultrason. Sonochem., 6, 75 (1999)

[21] Kentish S, Wooster TJ, Ashokkumar M, Balachandran S, Mawson R, Simons L, Innovative Food Sci. Emerg. Technol., 9, 170 (2008)

[22] Tadros T, Izquierdo P, Esquena J, Solans C, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 108, 303 (2004)

[23] Li MK, Fogler HS, J. Fluid Mech., 88, 499 (1978)

[24] Li MK, Fogler HS, J. Fluid Mech., 88, 513 (1978)

[25] Wang YL, Li FJ, Zhao ZY, Dong YM, Sun XQ, Sep. Purif. Technol., 151, 303 (2015)

[26] Kabay N, Cortina JL, Trochimczuk A, Streat M, React. Funct. Polym., 70(8), 484 (2010)

[27] Matsunaga H, Ismail AA, Wakui Y, Yokoyama T, React. Funct. Polym., 49(3), 189 (2001)

[28] Lee GS, Uchikoshi M, Mimura K, Isshiki M, Sep. Purif. Technol., 67(1), 79 (2009)

[29] Sun X, Ji Y, Ma CJJ, J. Rare Earths, 27, 932 (2009)

[30] Leong TSH, Wooster TJ, Kentish SE, Ashokkumar M, Ultrason. Sonochem., 16, 721 (2009)

[31] Menoyo B, Elizalde MP, Almela A, Jpn. Soc. Anal. Sci., 18, 799 (2002)

[32] Darvishi D, Haghshenas DF, Alamdari EK, Sadrnezhaad SK, Halali M, Hydrometallurgy, 77, 227 (2005)

[33] Yang WB, Li AM, Zhang QX, Fei ZH, Liu FQ, Sep. Purif. Technol., 46(3), 161 (2005)

[34] Ramasamy DL, Repo E, Srivastava V, Sillanpaa M, Water Res., 114, 264 (2017)

[35] Ramasamy DL, Puhakka V, Repo E, Khan S, Sillanpaa M, Chem. Eng. J., 324, 104 (2017)

[36] Langmuir I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 38, 2221 (1916)

[37] Freundlich H, J. Phys. Chem., 57, 385 (1906)