Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol.102, No.24, 4802-4808, 1998
X-ray diffraction study on aqueous scandium(III) perchlorate and chloride solutions over the temperature range -45 to 95 degrees C
X-ray scattering measurements have been performed on aqueous 1.6 and 2.8 M ScCl3 and 4.7 M NH4Cl solutions at room temperature and on aqueous 1 and 3 M Sc(ClO4)3 solutions over a temperature range of -45 to 95 degrees C. It has been shown that in the perchlorate solutions at room temperature SC3+ forms the first coordination shell consisting of about seven water molecules at a distance of 215 pm and the second coordination shell at a distance of 410 pm. The number of water molecules bound to Sc3+ slightly increases with decreasing temperature. Contact ion pairs are formed with an Sc3+-Cl- distance of 264 pm in the ScCl3 solutions, whereas solvent-separated ion pairs are preferable in the Sc(ClO4)(3) solutions over the temperature range investigated. The perchlorate ion has its hydration shell at a distance of 360 pm, At subzero temperatures, the hydrogen bonds are gradually reinforced with lowering temperature to partially evolve the intrinsic water structure.
Keywords:COMPLEX-FORMATION;IODIDE SOLUTIONS;GLASSY STATES;ION;COORDINATION;HYDRATION;NITRATE;DYNAMICS;CALCIUM;WATER