In this review, we highlight recent achievements of polymer binders used for Si-based anodes in Li-ion batteries. We classify the polymer binders, depending on their polymer structures and the function on performances of Si-based anodes, into 3 types: cellulose-type, conductive-type and self-healing-type binders. The relationship between polymer structures and enhanced electrochemical performances of Si-based anodes is discussed in details. We investigate how the binders make an extraordinary improvement on the specific capacity, cycling stability and rate performances of Si-based anodes. The reasons of the noticeable effect on Si-based anodes especially the controlling of swelling during cycling are also researched. In a word, the main aim of this review is to analyze recent research achievements and propose perspectives of polymer binders used for Si-based anodes in promising Li-ion batteries.