To enhance the interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and thermoplastic resin, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles were adsorbed on the carbon fiber. It was found that positively charged PMMA particles were readily adsorbed on the carbon fiber, and the interfacial shear strength between the modified carbon fiber and the resin was enhanced. In addition, the interaction between the carbon fiber coated with particles to the PMMA resin would be improved, and the surface adhesion between them was strengthened.