Natural and inorganic materials of Chitosan-Zinc oxide-Neem seed (CS-ZnO-NS) hybrid composite were synthesized by chemical precipitation method. The obtained CS-ZnO-NS hybrid composites were characterized for functional group confirmation by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The ZnO particles connected to biopolymers exhibited small grains and rod, bullet like structure confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The size of the prepared CS-ZnO-NS hybrid composite was found to be 20-80 nm. The crystalline behaviors were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The surface area of the prepared hybrid composite was determined using BET analysis. The elemental composition was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermal behaviors by thermo gravimetric analysis. The obtained result shows that zinc oxide was well able to incorporate into chitosan-neemseed composite which enhances the thermal stability. Further, the antibacterial activity evaluated by agar well diffusion method against Grampositive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria exhibits higher inhibition effect because of ZnO particles presence in the chitosan-neem seed. Hence the CS-ZnO-NS is a promising material for biomedical applications. (C) 2018 The Society of Powder Technology Japan. Published by Elsevier B.V. and The Society of Powder Technology Japan. All rights reserved.