Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol.34, No.1, 95-108, 1996
Radical Polymerization and Copolymerization of Methyl Alpha-(2-Carbomethoxyethyl)Acrylate, a Dimer of Methyl Acrylate, as a Polymerizable Alpha-Substituted Acrylate
Polymerization and copolymerization of methyl alpha- (2-carbomethoxyethyl) acrylate (MMEA), which is known as a dimer of methyl acrylate, were studied in relation to steric hindrance-assisted polymerization. The propagating polymer radical from MMEA was detected as a five-line spectrum and quantified by ESR spectroscopy during the bulk polymerization at 40-80 degrees C. The absolute rate constants of propagation and termination (k(p) and k(t)) for MMEA at 60 degrees C (h(p) = 19 L/mol s and h(t) = 5.1 x 10(5) L/mol s) were evaluated using the concentration of the propagating radical at the steady state. The balance of the propagation and termination rates allows polymer formation from MMEA. The polymerization rate of MMEA at 60 degrees C was less than that of MMA by a factor of about 4 at a constant monomer concentration. Although no influence of ceiling temperature was observed at a temperature ranging from 40 to 70 degrees C, addition-fragmentation in competition with propagation reduced the molecular weight of the polymer. The content of the unsaturated end group was estimated to be 0.1% at 60 degrees C to the total amount of the monomer units consisting of the main chain. MMEA exhibited reactivities almost similar to those of MMA toward polymer radicals. It is concluded that MMEA is one of the polymerizable acrylates bearing a substituted alkyl group as an a-substituent. Characterization of poly(MMEA) was also carried out.
Keywords:ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE;CONTROLLED MOLECULAR-WEIGHT;TERMINATION RATE CONSTANTS;POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE);ADDITION-FRAGMENTATION;CHAIN TRANSFER;REACTIVITY RATIOS;RATE COEFFICIENTS;ALKYL-GROUPS;ETHYL