This research aims to provide a better knowledge of the thermal decomposition of the olive cake as well as this lignocellulosic material loaded, in a previous stage of biosorption, with heavy metals for its use in processes of energy recovery. Firstly, isolation of constituents of the olive cake was carried out. Then, experiments were performed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermogravimetry (DTG) under inert and oxidative atmosphere at a heating rate of 15 K/min for each isolated fraction. Next, adequate reactions schemes were proposed to find kinetic parameters. Validation of these schemes were verified by the goodness of fitting between experimental and simulated data. Also, some important combustion characteristics such as ignition and burnout temperatures were determined. With regard to the effect of metals, cadmium, copper, chromium, nickel and lead present in metal-loaded olive cake did not modify values of kinetic parameters which described the thermal decomposition processes.