An organic nucleating agent (NA), N,N',N ''-tricyclohexyl-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylamide (TMC-328), was incorporated into biodegradable poly(1,4-butylene adipate) (PBA) to prepare the PBA/TMC-328 blend system to investigate the effect of the TMC-328 NA on the crystallization kinetics, polymorphism, thermal stability and biodegradation of the PBA. Due to the excellent nucleation ability, the TMC-328 enhanced the crystallization temperature, crystallization rate, crystal density and degree of crystallinity of the PBA. The TMC-328 facilitated the formation of the alpha-crystal, accelerated the beta-to-alpha-phase transition, and tailored the polymorphic crystalline structure of the PBA. The incorporated TMC-328 increased the thermal stability and decreased the enzymatic degradation rate of the PBA. The mechanisms of the tailored polymorphism, enhanced thermal stability and decreased biodegradation rate of the PBA in the presence of the TMC-328, have also been proposed and discussed. The PBA/TMC-328 blend provides us an informative model to shed more light on the correlation of hydrogen bond interaction, polymorphism and property of polymorphic polymeric material.